Abategetsi muri Tanzania batangaje ko indwara yari yayoberanye yishe abantu batanu mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Tanzania ari virusi ya “Marburg”. Nibwo bwa mbere iyi virus ivuzwe muri Tanzania.

Minisitiri w’ubuzima Ummy Mwalimu yavuze ko abantu 160 barimo gukurikiranwa kandi Leta yafashe ingamba z’ubugenzuzi mu duce ivugwamo. Nta bandi barwayi baratangazwa hanze y’akarere ka Bukoba mu ntara ya Kagera.

Dr Ahmed Ogwell, umukuru w’ikigo cy’umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Africa cyo kurwanya indwara z’ibyorezo yatangaje ko “ako kanya” bahise bohereza itsinda gufatanya na Tanzania “kurwanya ibyago by’ikwirakwira” ry’iyi virusi.

Minisitiri Mwalimu yavuze ko iyi ndwara ishobora gukumirwa. Ati:“ Tuzi aho umurwayi wa mbere yabonetse, kandi twakoze ku buryo abagize umuryango we bose bakurikiranwa harimo n’abamuvuye. Ndasaba buri wese gufata ingamba”.

Mu cyumweru gushize ubwo iyi ndwara yadukaga Tanzania yatangaje ko ari “indwara itazwi” kandi “ishobora kuba yandura”. Ibipimo by’abanduye byoherejwe kuri laboratoire y’igihugu ngo bisuzumwe, Minisitiri Mwalimu akaba yatangaje ko babisanzemo virusi ya Marburg.

Mu bishwe n’iyi ndwara nkuko BBC dukesha iyi nkuru ibitangaza, harimo umuganga wagize ibimenyetso birimo guhinda umuriro, kuruka, kuva amaraso ahafunguye ku mubiri no kunanirwa kw’impyiko.

Marburg ni ndwara ki?

Ni virusi yegeranye cyane n’iya Ebola, nk’uko ishami rya ONU rishinzwe ubuzima ku isi ribivuga, Marburg yatangiye kuboneka igihe abantu 31 bayanduye nyuma y’icyumweru bagapfa mu 1967 muri:

• Marburg na Frankfurt, mu Budage
• Belgrade nuri Serbia

  

Iyi ndwara basanze yarahazanywe n’inkende zinjijwe mu Budage zivuye muri Uganda.

Ariko kuva icyo gihe, iyi virus yagiye ica no mu zindi nyamaswa hanyuma no mu bantu. Yandura iciye ku bantu bamaze igihe kinini mu buvumo no mu binogo bicukurwamo ubutare bisanzwe bituwemo n’uducurama (ubuhungarema mu Kirundi). Ni bwo bwa mbere ibonetse muri Tanzania, ariko hari ibindi bihugu bya Africa yigeze kubonekamo, birimwo:

• DR Congo
• Kenya
• Angola
• Afrika y’Epfo
• Uganda
• Zimbabwe
• Ghana

Mu 2005 iyi virusi yahitanye abantu barenga 300 muri Angola. Ariko i Burayi, yishe abatarenze 10 mu myaka 40 ishize – hamwe n’undi umwe muri Amerika, yari yaravuye mu buvumo muri Uganda.

Aho yabotse bikomeye ni;

• 2017, Uganda: Abantu batatu nibo banduye, barapfuye
• 2012, Uganda: 15 nibo banduye, bane barapfuye
• 2005, Angola: 374 nibo banduye, 329 barapfuye
• 1998-2000, DR Congo: 154 nibo banduye, 128 barapfuye
• 1967, mu Budagi: 29 nibo banduye, indwi barapfuye

Byavuye muri OMS/ WHO

Uwayanduye afatwa ate?

Iyi virusi itungura umubiri ikawushegesha, ibimenyetso byayo birimo;

• Guhinda umuriro
• Kuribwa umutwe
• Kubabara ingingo

Nyuma y’iminsi itatu, akenshi hakurikira:

• Gucibwamo
• Kuruka
• Kuva amaraso
• Kuribwa cyane mu nda

OMS ivuga ko: “Kuri uru rugero, abantu babona umuntu yanduye nk‘umuzimu’, amaso agatukura, isura igahinduka, agacika inkokora cyane”. Abantu benshi bahita batangira kuva amaraso mu bice bitandukanye by’umubiri, bagapfa mu gihe cy’iminsi icyenda kuva batangiye kurwara, kubera gutakaza amaraso menshi no gushengabara.

Ugereranije, iyi virusi yica icya kabiri cy’abayanduye, nk’uko OMS ibivuga, ariko aho byari bikomeye cyane ni aho yishe hafi 90% by’abanduye.

Yandura ite?

Uducurama two mu bwoko bwa ‘Fruit Bat’ akenshi nitwo tuba tubitse iyi virusi. Inkende zo muri Africa n’ingurube nazo zishobora kugendana iyi virusi. Mu bantu, ikwirakwira iciye mu matembabuzi y’uruhu no gukora ku byandujwe iyi virusi. Yewe nubwo abayirwaye baba bamaze kuyikira, amaraso yabo cyangwa intanga bishobora kwanduza abandi nyuma y’amezi atari macye.

Ivurwa ite?

Nta rukingo rwihariye cyangwa imiti yihariye biraboneka. Ariko ibintu bitari bike biva mu maraso, imiti hamwe n’ubuvuzi bwo kongererera ingufu umubiri (immunothérapie), birakora, nk’uko OMS ibivuga. Abaganga kandi bashobora kugabanya ubukana bwayo mu guha abarwayi ibintu byinshi byo kunywa no gusubizamo amaraso uwayatakaje.

Wayirwanya ute?

Gavi, ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga riteza imbere inkingo, risaba ko abantu bakwirinda kurya cyangwa gukorakora inyama zo mw’ishyamba. Ko kandi bakwirinda gukorakora ingurube mu turere twadutsemo iyo ndwara, nk’uko OMS ibivuga.

Abantu bigeze kwandura iyi virusi, mu mibonano mpuzabitsina yabo bagomba gukoresha agakingirizo igihe cy’umwaka kuva batangiye kubona ibimenyetso kugeza intanga zabo zipimwe incuro ebyiri bikagaragara ko nta virusi zigifite. Hanyuma abahamba abishwe n’iyi virusi bakwirinda gukorakora umurambo

intyoza